The Six Essential Elements of Child Development

As a caring and involved parent, you want toTo develop fine motor skills, look for toys that
assist your child's development in any way yourequire your child to perform precise, controlled
can. Why not acquire educational toys gearedhand movements. For example, get lacing cards
toward encouraging growth in all of theor activity books or boards that have the child
developmental areas? Authorities differ slightly onperform life skills such as buttoning, tying laces,
how to organize these domains. However, a goodzipping, snapping, cutting, and locking and unlocking.
standard to follow is that set by Drs. Dorothy andTo promote eye-hand development and vision,
Jerome Singer of Yale University, who identify sixseek out toys that require children to use keen
essential elements of developmental play that canperception in concert with hand dexterity. For
be cultivated through the use of age-appropriateexample, get nesting and stacking toys such as
educational toys:the Melissa and Doug Geometric Stacker; blocks
- Motor development: the development of grossand other building sets; peg boards; puzzles; and
motor skills that use large muscle groups forart activities such as drawing, cutting, painting,
activities such as running, kicking, balancing,sculpting, or lacing beads. Also look for toys that
jumping, hopping, lifting, climbing, and swinging, andincrease your child's sense of perception, such as
the development of more delicate fine motorI Spy books or puzzles that require children to
skills, such as the pincer grip of thumb anddifferentiate between different sizes or colors of
forefinger.the same object.
- Eye-hand development and vision: theTo develop cognitive skills, look for toys that
development of keen powers of perception andrequire the use of logic, identifying patterns,
of the ability to use the eyes and hands togetherfinding solutions, and solving puzzles. For example,
in coordination to perform a task.get games that require children to use clues and
- Cognitive learning: the development of the abilitydeductions to solve problems, such as the classic
to learn new knowledge and to process,board game Clue or FoxMind Games's Logix I. Or
understand, and apply this knowledge to differentget science and nature kits that develop children's
ends. Developing this area helps a child improve hispowers of observation and investigation, such as
or her capacity for mental activities such asBattat's Bug Catcher Set. Or get toys and games
reasoning, interpreting, comparing and contrasting,that teach content skills and problem-solving skills,
evaluating, judging, inferring, predicting, sequencing,such as Melissa and Doug's See and Spell. Or get
and visualizing. It also helps children master specificbuilding sets or model sets by makers such as
content knowledge relating to vocabulary,Meccano that require children to think about how
mathematics, science, and so forth.pieces can and should fit together.
- Hearing, Listening, and Voice: the developmentTo develop hearing, listening, and voice, look for
of skills relating to the senses and communication.toys that appeal to the senses. Get musical
Developing this area allows a child to discriminateinstruments such as shakers, drums, whistles,
between different types of sensory input,triangle, tambourines, and xylophones to
processing those that are important and screeningencourage children to play with and compare
out ones that are not.different sounds. You can also get toys that help
- Social/Emotional: the development of skillschildren discriminate between different sounds,
relating to how one interacts with other peoplesuch as sound puzzles.
and how one behaves oneself.To develop social and emotional skills,look for toys
- Creative/Imaginative: the development of skillsthat require your child to interact with other
relating to pretending about the world and usingpeople. For example, games such as FoxMind
the imagination to explore new ideas and possibleGames' Babylon teach skills like taking turns and
solutions to problems.good sportsmanship. Building toys such as wooden
Which Educational Toys to Getunit block sets or Legos encourage skills such as
To develop gross motor skills, look for toys thatcooperation and sharing as children work together
require large, yet controlled movements fromto construct something.
your child. As they begin to stand and walk,To develop creativity and imagination, look for
provide younger children with wooden push andtoys that encourage your child to create things or
pull toys. As they gain more control over theirto pretend or role-play scenarios. For example,
muscles, get them wagons, play strollers andUberstix construction systems can be used to
shopping carts, tricycles, and kid-powered ride-onbuild an infinite variety of structures. Art and craft
cars such as the Plasma Car. Look for toys thatsupplies give children practice with making things.
develop more specific gross motor skills, such asDolls, dollhouses, Battat toy vehicles, and toy
hopscotch sets (hopping), jump ropes or the Spindinosaurs can all be used as props to make up
Master Stomp Rocket (jumping), or hula hoopsstories and recreate real-life scenarios. Costumes,
(rotating body). Sports equipment also promotesprops, and copies of real-life objects can all also
the development of more varied gross motorbe used in imaginative play.
skills.