The Academics-Versus-Play Debate

"body">* Trying on various roles and interacting with one
Children are active, concrete, experiential learnersanother at housekeeping and other dramatic-play
who acquire information and knowledge with all ofcenters (social studies).
their senses. Studies have shown that:Today, these types of lessons are steadily
* Movement is the young child's preferred modedisappearing as the "earlier-is-better" syndrome
of learning.takes hold, critically affecting the child's first
* Lessons that are physically experienced haveexperiences with formal education. Today, the
more immediate and longer-lasting impact.curriculum once considered appropriate for first
* The integration of body systems allows forand second grades is being taught to children in
optimal learning to take place.kindergarten, and the kindergarten curriculum is
* The more senses used in the learning process,foisted on children who are not yet five years old.
the more information retained.Even kindergarten through third-grade students
* Play is linked to greater creativity and problemshould be doing less seatwork and more active
solving, improved reading levels, and higher IQlearning, because, developmentally speaking,
scores.they're more like preschoolers than like their
* There is a strong correlation between the timeupper elementary counterparts. But instead of
children are most playful and the time when themaking active experiences a greater part of the
brain is making the most connections.primary-grade classrooms, we're instead making
Given all of that, it seems pretty clear that thereearly education less developmentally appropriate
should be no debate: play is far more appropriatefor everyone, beginning in preschool.
for a young child's first formal school experiencesHowever, recent brain research is confirming
than academics. Yet despite this information, thewhat many educators have believed all along: the
education efforts of such groups as the Nationalmind and body are not separate entities. Eric
Association for the Education of Young Children,Jensen, author of Brain-Based Learning: The New
and the fact that educators have for yearsScience of Teaching and Training, confirms that
emphasized the importance of educating thenot only do children learn by doing but also that
"whole child," preschoolers are now being requiredphysical activity activates the brain much more so
to do more and more seatwork. This includesthan doing seatwork. While sitting increases
producing worksheets that purport to showfatigue and reduces concentration, movement
evidence of their learning, and following curriculumsfeeds oxygen, water, and glucose to the brain,
originally designated for kindergartners and evenoptimizing its performance. Moreover, learning by
first-graders.doing creates more neural networks in the brain
Why are schools devoted to making childrenand throughout the body, making the entire body
simply sit still and learn? Part of the explanationa tool for learning. Active learning is also more
comes from society's long-entrenched belief thatenjoyable for young children.
the functions of the brain are more significantParents don't have to worry their child will fall
than the functions of the body. Moreover, we'vebehind if enrolled in a preschool that emphasized
labored for years under the misguided notion thatplay and discovery. Studies have determined that
the mind and body are separate entities. Thus,children who are enrolled in play-oriented
schools have insisted on training minds via thepreschools do not have a disadvantage over
eyes and ears only.those who are enrolled in preschools focusing on
In the past, based on what they knew of andearly academics. One study, in fact, showed that
observed in young children, early childhoodthere were neither short-term nor long-term
teachers designed their programs to meet theiradvantages of early academics versus play, and
students' developmental needs. Play and activethat there were no distinguishable differences by
learning were considered key tools tofirst grade. The only difference was that the
accommodate those needs and facilitate thechildren who had experienced early academics
children's education. Typical activities included:were more anxious and less creative than their
* Sorting and stacking blocks and otherpeers who had been in traditional, play-based
manipulatives (mathematical knowledge).preschools - a distinctive disadvantage. In another
* Singing and dancing, or acting out a storystudy, fourth-graders who had attended
(emergent literacy).play-oriented preschools in which children often
* Growing plants from seeds, exploring theinitiated their own activities had better academic
outdoors, and investigating at sand and waterperformance than those who had attended
tables (science).academic-oriented preschools.