| A small sac which is attached to the undersurface | | | | gall bladder is cut free. Through one of the |
| of the liver, that holds bile is the gall bladder.The | | | | abdominal incisions the gall bladder is pulled out of |
| liver produce a digestive juice called bile and it is | | | | the body. After that from the abdominal cavity |
| used to break down dietary fats. The water is | | | | are removed the instruments and the carbon |
| extracted by the gall bladder from its store of bile | | | | dioxide gas. And finally the incisions are sutured |
| until the liquid becomes highly concentrated. The | | | | and covered with dressings. |
| gall bladder squeezes its bile concentrate into a | | | | Open surgery is the same as laparoscopic |
| small intestine when are consumed fatty foods. | | | | surgery, except the gall bladder has in large and |
| About 15 percent of people aged 50 years and | | | | presents a single incision in the abdominal wall. |
| over are affected by gallstones which are a | | | | Sometimes a laparoscopic cholecystectomy turns |
| disorder of the digestive system. Gallstones are | | | | into open surgery if the surgeon encounters |
| formed by the crystallisation of excess cholesterol | | | | unexpected difficulties such as not being able to |
| in bile and the failure of the gall bladder to | | | | clearly see the gall bladder. Symptoms like mild |
| completely empty. The person can live without | | | | pain in the shoulder from the carbon dioxide gas |
| gall bladder because it is not a vital organ. If | | | | may appear after the operation. The patient may |
| gallstones are causing problems is recommended | | | | be advised to take pain killing drugs even cough |
| cholecystectomy, or surgical removal of the gall | | | | regularly is needed. It may be possible also an |
| bladder. | | | | overnight stay in hospital when the patient has |
| Into the small intestine by slender ducts from the | | | | choosen the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In |
| gall bladder is collected bile. If these ducts are | | | | case of an open surgery may be a hospital stay |
| blocked by the gallstones can appear pains and | | | | of up to eight days will be necessary. Some risks |
| serious complications like nausea and vomiting, | | | | may appear after the operation. The |
| infection of the gall bladder (cholecystitis), jaundice | | | | complications may include: internal bleeding, |
| since bile enters the bloodstream instead of the | | | | infection, injury to nearby digestive organs, injury |
| digestive system, inflammation of the pancreas | | | | to the bile duct, leakage of bile into the abdominal |
| (pancreatitis), infections of the liver, cancer of the | | | | cavity, injury to blood vessels. |
| gall bladder which occurs rarely. | | | | The patient can take care of himself. In this case |
| Patients need to speak with the doctor or | | | | here are some suggestions like: rest from 3 to 5 |
| surgeon, before the operation about the | | | | days, avoiding heavy lifting and physical exertion |
| pre-existing conditions which may influence | | | | under advice from the doctor, the settle down |
| decisions on surgery and anaesthetic, the | | | | after surgery. Problems that may appear: bloating, |
| medications taken on a normal basis and the bad | | | | abdominal pains and changes to toileting habits. To |
| reactions or side effects from any drugs. There | | | | make sure all is well the patient need to see the |
| are two ways to remove the gall bladder one | | | | doctor.A form of treatment for gallstones |
| named laparoscopic cholecystectomy or "keyhole" | | | | appears when the gallstones are broken down by |
| surgery and the other is open surgery called | | | | sound waves. Medications are also used, but the |
| laparotomy. | | | | success rate is variable and side effects are |
| In the case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are | | | | common and treatment is expensive. |
| made some small abdominal incisions which | | | | There are some facts that the patient should not |
| permite the access of a slender instruments to | | | | forget, for example: the gall bladder is a small sac |
| the abdominal cavity. In the body is introduced a | | | | that holds bile, which is used to break down |
| tube which blows a gentle stream of carbon | | | | dietary fats, gall stones are common disorder of |
| dioxide gas. So the abdominal wall is separated | | | | the digestive system which affect around 15 per |
| from the underlying organs. With a tiny TV | | | | cent of people aged 50 years and over, the |
| camera attached to the laparoscope the surgeon | | | | surgical removal of the gall bladder is |
| can see on a TV monitor the gall bladder. | | | | recommended if gallstones are causing problems. |
| Gallstones during the operation with x-rays can be | | | | There are many side effects of gallstone but |
| checked and wedged within the bile ducts. The | | | | there are also many possibilities to prevent its |
| ducts and artery are clipped shut and these clips | | | | apparition. |
| are permanent. With a laser or electrocautery the | | | | |