| A small sac which is attached to the | | | | cut free. Through one of the abdominal |
| undersurface of the liver, that holds bile is | | | | incisions the gall bladder is pulled out of |
| the gall bladder.The liver produce a | | | | the body. After that from the abdominal |
| digestive juice called bile and it is used to | | | | cavity are removed the instruments and the |
| break down dietary fats. The water is | | | | carbon dioxide gas. And finally the incisions |
| extracted by the gall bladder from its store | | | | are sutured and covered with dressings. |
| of bile until the liquid becomes highly | | | | |
| concentrated. The gall bladder squeezes its | | | | Open surgery is the same as laparoscopic |
| bile concentrate into a small intestine when | | | | surgery, except the gall bladder has in large |
| are consumed fatty foods. | | | | and presents a single incision in the |
| | | | abdominal wall. Sometimes a laparoscopic |
| About 15 percent of people aged 50 years and | | | | cholecystectomy turns into open surgery if |
| over are affected by gallstones which are a | | | | the surgeon encounters unexpected |
| disorder of the digestive system. Gallstones | | | | difficulties such as not being able to |
| are formed by the crystallisation of excess | | | | clearly see the gall bladder. Symptoms like |
| cholesterol in bile and the failure of the | | | | mild pain in the shoulder from the carbon |
| gall bladder to completely empty. The person | | | | dioxide gas may appear after the operation. |
| can live without gall bladder because it is | | | | The patient may be advised to take pain |
| not a vital organ. If gallstones are causing | | | | killing drugs even cough regularly is needed. |
| problems is recommended cholecystectomy, or | | | | It may be possible also an overnight stay in |
| surgical removal of the gall bladder. | | | | hospital when the patient has choosen the |
| | | | laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In case of an |
| Into the small intestine by slender ducts | | | | open surgery may be a hospital stay of up to |
| from the gall bladder is collected bile. If | | | | eight days will be necessary. Some risks may |
| these ducts are blocked by the gallstones can | | | | appear after the operation. The complications |
| appear pains and serious complications like | | | | may include: internal bleeding, infection, |
| nausea and vomiting, infection of the gall | | | | injury to nearby digestive organs, injury to |
| bladder (cholecystitis), jaundice since bile | | | | the bile duct, leakage of bile into the |
| enters the bloodstream instead of the | | | | abdominal cavity, injury to blood vessels. |
| digestive system, inflammation of the | | | | |
| pancreas (pancreatitis), infections of the | | | | The patient can take care of himself. In this |
| liver, cancer of the gall bladder which | | | | case here are some suggestions like: rest |
| occurs rarely. | | | | from 3 to 5 days, avoiding heavy lifting and |
| | | | physical exertion under advice from the |
| Patients need to speak with the doctor or | | | | doctor, the settle down after surgery. |
| surgeon, before the operation about the | | | | Problems that may appear: bloating, abdominal |
| pre-existing conditions which may influence | | | | pains and changes to toileting habits. To |
| decisions on surgery and anaesthetic, the | | | | make sure all is well the patient need to see |
| medications taken on a normal basis and the | | | | the doctor.A form of treatment for gallstones |
| bad reactions or side effects from any drugs. | | | | appears when the gallstones are broken down |
| There are two ways to remove the gall | | | | by sound waves. Medications are also used, |
| bladder one named laparoscopic | | | | but the success rate is variable and side |
| cholecystectomy or "keyhole" surgery and the | | | | effects are common and treatment is |
| other is open surgery called laparotomy. | | | | expensive. |
| | | | |
| In the case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy | | | | There are some facts that the patient should |
| are made some small abdominal incisions which | | | | not forget, for example: the gall bladder is |
| permite the access of a slender instruments | | | | a small sac that holds bile, which is used to |
| to the abdominal cavity. In the body is | | | | break down dietary fats, gall stones are |
| introduced a tube which blows a gentle stream | | | | common disorder of the digestive system which |
| of carbon dioxide gas. So the abdominal wall | | | | affect around 15 per cent of people aged 50 |
| is separated from the underlying organs. With | | | | years and over, the surgical removal of the |
| a tiny TV camera attached to the laparoscope | | | | gall bladder is recommended if gallstones are |
| the surgeon can see on a TV monitor the gall | | | | causing problems. |
| bladder. Gallstones during the operation with | | | | |
| x-rays can be checked and wedged within the | | | | There are many side effects of gallstone but |
| bile ducts. The ducts and artery are clipped | | | | there are also many possibilities to prevent |
| shut and these clips are permanent. With a | | | | its apparition. |
| laser or electrocautery the gall bladder is | | | | |