| The avian flu is a specific bird
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| | environment if the temperature is low.
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| condition that affects all kind of birds
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| | H5N1 remains in feces for 35 days at 4
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| but wild ones seem to be more resistant
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| | degrees Celsius. At 35 degrees the virus
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| and carry the virus without showing any
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| | can survive 6 hours in faecal samples.
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| obvious signs. Poultry is most sensitive
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| | In cases of high pathogenic strains
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| to the virus and develop the disease;
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| | immediate measures such as quarantine,
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| mild cases evolve with respiratory
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| | disinfection, proper disposal of
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| symptoms, low egg production ruffled
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| | carcasses and rapid culling of the
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| feathers. The second type of illness is
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| | infected birds. Strict biosecurity and
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| the rare but lethal infection and was
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| | sanitary measures oblige large poultry
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| first discovered 1878 in Italy. The
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| | farms to isolate birds and stop the
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| severe symptoms appear sudden and the
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| | movements of live poultry. The control is
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| mortality can reach 100% in less than 48
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| | easier to be done in big commercial
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| hours; the viral strain affects the
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| | poultry farms than in small private
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| respiratory tract but also produces
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| | flocks in rural and per urban areas.
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| damages to other tissues and organs and
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| | If the culling method proves unsuccessful
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| causes massive hemorrhages.
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| | a vaccination campaign can be recommended
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| There are 16 haemaglutinins known and 9
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| | in high risk areas. The vaccines however
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| neuraminidases and all can be found in
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| | must be certified by the National health
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| wild birds. This makes the permanent
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| | organization and should be of high
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| reserve of avian flu as many of the
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| | quality. Poor quality vaccines lead to
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| infection viruses cause no harm in normal
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| | dangerous viral mutations and can expose
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| conditions. Most severe cases of bird flu
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| | humans to an apparently healthy poultry
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| have been caused by the subtypes H5 and
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| | population.
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| H7 containing a set of basic amino acids.
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| | Backyard flocks expose humans to the
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| All low pathogenic virus types have the
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| | infection as birds usually roam free and
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| possibility to become most dangerous
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| | share water places with wild birds. These
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| after mutations. If earlier it was
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| | situations place humans at risk
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| thought that waterfowls carry the low
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| | especially when birds are brought inside
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| pathogenic virus, today we know they are
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| | the household and in direct contact with
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| able to transmit the most dangerous H5N1
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| | children. Most common, house owners tend
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| to the visited countries. Highly
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| | to sacrifice birds with illness signs and
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| pathogenic viruses can be transmitted
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| | consume the meat with their families
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| from farm to farm by live birds,
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| | instead of alerting the authorities. Many
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| contaminated clothing, equipment, feed or
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| | persons especially in the country side
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| cages. Very contagious virus types
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| | hide their poultry during culling
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| survive long periods of time in the
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| | operations.
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